An update of the reported effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on person  with intellectual disability and their carers: a scoping review

Background:  The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic has been felt by all groups in society and  people with intellectual disability are especially vulnerable due to underlying conditions/health  problems, multi-morbidity, limitations in understanding, frailty and social circumstances. This  places people with intellectual disability, their families and carers at increased risk of stress and  in need of support. Objective: To update and chart the evidence of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people  with intellectual disability, their families and carers reported within the research in 2021. Methods:  A scoping review of research published in 2021 across 7 databases. Results: 84 studies met the inclusion criteria, and the findings highlight people with intellectual  disability are at a greater risk to COVID-19 health outcomes due to underlying health concerns  and access issues. The effects of COVID-19 can be seen from a personal, social and health  perspective for people with intellectual disability, their carers and families. However, COVID-19  did have some unanticipated benefits such as: less demand on time, greater opportunity to  engage with people of value and building resilience. Conclusions:  COVID-19 presents many challenges but for people with intellectual disability  compounding existing obstacles encountered in access issues, service provision and supports  available. There is a need to identify and describe the experiences of people with intellectual  disability, their families and carers in the medium-long term during COVID-19. Greater supports  and evidence of effective interventions to promote health, deliver services and support individual  with intellectual disability is needed as there is little evidence of clinical care for people with  intellectual disability during COVID-19.