Exploring the role of lignin structure in molecular dynamics of lignin/bio-derived thermoplastic elastomer polyurethane blends

The relaxation behavior of two lignins (Alcell organosolv, OSL, and hydroxypropyl modified Kraft, ML) and bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blends have been studied by Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) and Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). The effect of blending on the glass and local relaxation processes as a function of composition, frequency, and temperature has been assessed. The dielectric spectra were resolved into dipolar relaxations as well as conductive processes for differing blend compositions. Characteristic relaxation times, activation energies and dielectric relaxation strengths of lignin/xTPU blends were also investigated. It was found that blending suppresses the α-relaxation process of the blends compared to virgin TPU. On the other hand, while the position of the β-relaxation was not influenced by blending, a reduction of the activation energies, Ea, of this process was observed in the lignin/xTPU blends. Finally, changes are observed in the conductivity behavior of both blends, with conductivity processes more favorable for the OSL/xTPU blends.