Quantitative methods in nursing research: the one-way ANOVA test explained

Aim: To present and explain the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Background: Quantitative methods and statistical analysis are essential tools in nursing research, as they support researchers testing phenomena/relationships; illustrating their findings clearly and accurately; and providing explanation or generalisation of the phenomenon under investigation. However, issues have been identified within nursing literature, that the usage of statistical tests is not correct as well as the used techniques and reported results. Review methods: Literature research on ANOVA methods and other issues related to statistical analysis in nursing, nurses’ knowledge of statistics and recommendations on how to address these issues are identified.Discussion: The purpose of inferential statistics is presented and one-way ANOVA explained. This is the most popular inferential statistics test, as it is the designated test for the comparison of means (μ) of the research's target groups to identify if the means (μ) are statistically different from the others. The steps in successfully applying the one-way ANOVA are examined by using relevant examples. Recommendations in other statistical tests and measurements, in parallel to one-way ANOVA, are provided. Conclusion: To engage in research and evidence-based practice, nurses need to develop their understanding and knowledge of statistical methods. This article enhances the understanding and application of one-way ANOVAs of student nurses,novice researchers, nurses and those engaged in academic studies.Implications for research/practice: Nurses, student nurses and nurse researchers need to familiarise with statistical terminology and develop their understanding of statistical concepts to support evidence-based quality safe care.