Post-Famine Irish family constructs were complex and hinged to a great degree on social class and household means. The term ‘family’ is hard to define since it may be used to describe a range of relationships, from related co-residents, to dispersed relatives, to a wider kin group. The concept of ‘family’ is temporally, culturally and socially informed, so it is important to understand what this signified in Ireland during the period of study, being cognisant that this might be quite different from Irish families in other eras, as well as non-Irish families in this or any other period.