Editorial: Noncoding RNA-based spatiotemporal modulation and therapeutics in neuroinflammation

Neuroinflammation is a multifactorial process occurring in the central nervous system (CNS) that is intimately linked to temporal and spatial regulation of gene expression mediated by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs are present at high concentrations in the CNS and show specific multidimensional expression, exerting immunomodulatory effects via direct or indirect interactions with various effector proteins or other molecules to form complex networks that regulate downstream immune response pathways (1, 2). Next-generation sequencing has identified various ncRNAs dysregulated in CNS disorders, including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) (3–5). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have also revealed numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms within lncRNAs and miRNAs (6), providing promising candidates for therapeutic targets or biomarkers for CNS disorders. This Research Topic focuses on the latest discoveries, insights, and advances in ncRNA-based signaling pathways related to novel drug targets and biomarkers in neuroinflammation.