The role of connectedness on the paths to and from suicide

Background: Suicide is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Research targeting an understanding of the phenomenon of suicide, however, is still in its infancy. Connectedness is a key construct of suicide that has not been previously researched in depth using qualitative methodologies. Aims: The current study aims to explore the role of connectedness in the paths to and from suicide with psychotherapists working in the applied field of suicide intervention. A goal of the research is to develop a theoretical framework for the role of connectedness in relation to suicidality. Method: Psychotherapists (N=12) from a suicide-specific intervention service in Ireland were interviewed in relation to their understandings of connectedness and suicide. The transcripts of these interviews were analysed using a Constructivist Grounded Theory approach. Results: A tentative theoretical model for the role of connectedness in an individual’s path to and from suicide was developed. The model incorporated two strands: 1) the role of connectedness on paths to suicide and (2) the role of connectedness on paths from suicide. The connection an individual has with themselves was posited as the foundation for all other connections. The quality of connections and family were seen central to one’s propensity for developing suicide intent. Furthermore, the therapeutic relationship was noted as the connectedness vehicle for recovering from suicide intent. In order to develop connectedness for recovery, elements of the therapy, the client and the service required were seen as crucial to the current theory. Conclusions: Connectedness and relationships play essential roles in the trajectory of suicide. The development of positive connections can be sustaining and protective against suicide whereas maladaptive connections or a lack of connection can contribute to one feeling suicidal. The therapeutic relationship can be crucial to one’s recovery from suicide intent.